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	<title>Comments for AULA Blog</title>
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	<link>http://aulablog.net</link>
	<description>Center for Latin American and Latino Studies, American University</description>
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		<title>Comment on U.S. Credibility Takes Another Hit by Alec Dawson</title>
		<link>http://aulablog.net/2013/06/17/u-s-credibility-takes-another-hit/comment-page-1/#comment-1344</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Alec Dawson]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 18 Jun 2013 03:15:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aulablog.net/?p=700#comment-1344</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I sense a disconnect here, a melancholy over the perceived loss of moral authority - a moral authority that has certainly never existed in my lifetime. Yes, North Americans want to believe that they offer some principled version of living that might act as a beacon for the rest of the world, but since at least the early years of the Cold War the United States has represented little more to the rest of the world than the unprincipled pursuit of self-interest. Carter here represents not a beacon of one version of Americanism, but a blip, an accidental president who came along because North Americans were thoroughly disgusted with King Richard.

Yes, non-governmental Organizations have struggled against Human Rights abuses the world over since the 1970, but those NGOs were neither some sort North American monopoly nor could they have ever gotten off the ground without the concerted (and extraordinarily brave) actions of groups in Latin American and elsewhere that reached out to a global audience. This they did because leaders of groups like the Madres de la Plaza de Mayo understood explicitly that the intellectual authors of their victimhood were as much in Langley, Virginia as they were in the ESMA.  If anything, they pushed North Americans (or at least some of them) to consider their own complicity in the genocides that were then taking place. I might add that the US continues to follow here. It was the Guardian, not the NYT, that broke this story. When the Wikileaks story broke, it was barely covered in the US.

What strikes me as particularly odd is the fact that so few North Americans are exercised about the sheer scale of the spying. I hear some saying that it is the price we pay for living in an age of terror. I hear very few wondering who will watch the watchers, and fewer still wondering if the price of empire is worth it. Yes, North Americans live in a security state because this is the price you pay for making the rest of the world live in fear that one of your drones will rain terror from the sky. Why don&#039;t we ask if all that is worth it?

Of course, if you drive an SUV and live in the suburbs, you gotta have that oil.

Remember Operación Condor anyone? Hank Kissinger would be so proud.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I sense a disconnect here, a melancholy over the perceived loss of moral authority &#8211; a moral authority that has certainly never existed in my lifetime. Yes, North Americans want to believe that they offer some principled version of living that might act as a beacon for the rest of the world, but since at least the early years of the Cold War the United States has represented little more to the rest of the world than the unprincipled pursuit of self-interest. Carter here represents not a beacon of one version of Americanism, but a blip, an accidental president who came along because North Americans were thoroughly disgusted with King Richard.</p>
<p>Yes, non-governmental Organizations have struggled against Human Rights abuses the world over since the 1970, but those NGOs were neither some sort North American monopoly nor could they have ever gotten off the ground without the concerted (and extraordinarily brave) actions of groups in Latin American and elsewhere that reached out to a global audience. This they did because leaders of groups like the Madres de la Plaza de Mayo understood explicitly that the intellectual authors of their victimhood were as much in Langley, Virginia as they were in the ESMA.  If anything, they pushed North Americans (or at least some of them) to consider their own complicity in the genocides that were then taking place. I might add that the US continues to follow here. It was the Guardian, not the NYT, that broke this story. When the Wikileaks story broke, it was barely covered in the US.</p>
<p>What strikes me as particularly odd is the fact that so few North Americans are exercised about the sheer scale of the spying. I hear some saying that it is the price we pay for living in an age of terror. I hear very few wondering who will watch the watchers, and fewer still wondering if the price of empire is worth it. Yes, North Americans live in a security state because this is the price you pay for making the rest of the world live in fear that one of your drones will rain terror from the sky. Why don&#8217;t we ask if all that is worth it?</p>
<p>Of course, if you drive an SUV and live in the suburbs, you gotta have that oil.</p>
<p>Remember Operación Condor anyone? Hank Kissinger would be so proud.</p>
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		<title>Comment on U.S. Credibility Takes Another Hit by moderatelyradical</title>
		<link>http://aulablog.net/2013/06/17/u-s-credibility-takes-another-hit/comment-page-1/#comment-1324</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[moderatelyradical]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Jun 2013 15:50:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aulablog.net/?p=700#comment-1324</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This basically the same argument against waterboarding. The United States under the past two presidents seems intent on turning itself into all the things we have been decrying in other countries for decades. I&#039;ve been telling people to think in terms of What Would Nixon Do (WWND) but this is even more pointed.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This basically the same argument against waterboarding. The United States under the past two presidents seems intent on turning itself into all the things we have been decrying in other countries for decades. I&#8217;ve been telling people to think in terms of What Would Nixon Do (WWND) but this is even more pointed.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Violence in Mexico: Forging a Civic Compact for Urban Resilience by Beginning to fully analyze the data on urban resilience in Ciudad Juarez, 2008-2012 &#124; Daniel Esser</title>
		<link>http://aulablog.net/2013/05/31/violence-in-mexico-forging-a-civic-compact-for-urban-resilience/comment-page-1/#comment-1173</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Beginning to fully analyze the data on urban resilience in Ciudad Juarez, 2008-2012 &#124; Daniel Esser]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Jun 2013 20:05:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aulablog.net/?p=661#comment-1173</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[&#8230;] detail once I&#8217;ve completed the statistics; for now, I&#8217;ve posted a first glance to American University&#8217;s blog on Latin America (AULA). Thanks again to the Social Science Research Council&#8217;s Program on Drugs, Security and [&#8230;]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[&#8230;] detail once I&#8217;ve completed the statistics; for now, I&#8217;ve posted a first glance to American University&#8217;s blog on Latin America (AULA). Thanks again to the Social Science Research Council&#8217;s Program on Drugs, Security and [&#8230;]</p>
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		<title>Comment on Violence in Mexico: Forging a Civic Compact for Urban Resilience by Pedro Alvarado</title>
		<link>http://aulablog.net/2013/05/31/violence-in-mexico-forging-a-civic-compact-for-urban-resilience/comment-page-1/#comment-1162</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Pedro Alvarado]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Jun 2013 21:44:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aulablog.net/?p=661#comment-1162</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As in Colombia and many other countries around the world as violence spreads across the social/geographical spectrum the worst outcome not only death but the gradual death of the STATE specially in the most basic social context of human interactions where cities,communities begin to enclose and create siege communities.Hence the best answer shall come from the state itself in its most fundamental expressions fr4om the bottom-up process,where society within its democratic conception reclaim its sovereign right to life,and LIBERTY to exist. It&#039;s not about the state vrs. Illicit groups st about outlaw violent groups against the PEOPLE. Here is the KEY people reclaim  their right to own,to buy and sell,to use PUBLIC space(recreation,leisure etc.),to worship,to learn,to argue,debate,a functional,tolerant,lawful democratic state as the maximum expressions of our freedoms.Then the PEOPLE and its PUBLIC/PRIVATE, gov&#039;t and non gov&#039;t institutions MUST reclaim its right to exist freely.The peoples rights to enjoy the fruits of their labor,consumption and investment of their taxes!!. In the late 1980s many guerrilla insurgencies realized that they could wipe out an entire army platoon,create havoc,etc. BUT they could not restrain the peoples will to go to school,to go to church,to ELECT,to celebrate their socioreligious cultural gatherings PEACEFULLY. What is required is an strategic alliance among the civil society collectives,private sector and the PUBLIC institutions(cultural,religious,academic,and also trustworthy professional security forces.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As in Colombia and many other countries around the world as violence spreads across the social/geographical spectrum the worst outcome not only death but the gradual death of the STATE specially in the most basic social context of human interactions where cities,communities begin to enclose and create siege communities.Hence the best answer shall come from the state itself in its most fundamental expressions fr4om the bottom-up process,where society within its democratic conception reclaim its sovereign right to life,and LIBERTY to exist. It&#8217;s not about the state vrs. Illicit groups st about outlaw violent groups against the PEOPLE. Here is the KEY people reclaim  their right to own,to buy and sell,to use PUBLIC space(recreation,leisure etc.),to worship,to learn,to argue,debate,a functional,tolerant,lawful democratic state as the maximum expressions of our freedoms.Then the PEOPLE and its PUBLIC/PRIVATE, gov&#8217;t and non gov&#8217;t institutions MUST reclaim its right to exist freely.The peoples rights to enjoy the fruits of their labor,consumption and investment of their taxes!!. In the late 1980s many guerrilla insurgencies realized that they could wipe out an entire army platoon,create havoc,etc. BUT they could not restrain the peoples will to go to school,to go to church,to ELECT,to celebrate their socioreligious cultural gatherings PEACEFULLY. What is required is an strategic alliance among the civil society collectives,private sector and the PUBLIC institutions(cultural,religious,academic,and also trustworthy professional security forces.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Venezuela Update: Confusion in Caracas…and Washington by Roy</title>
		<link>http://aulablog.net/2013/05/06/venezuela-update-confusion-in-caracasand-washington/comment-page-1/#comment-1157</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Roy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Jun 2013 03:36:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aulablog.net/?p=628#comment-1157</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[You are wrong. There are around 600,000 votes that are considered to be fraudulent. Some of those votes include people who are die and are not living anymore. In the electoral votes around 200,000 thousand voters do not have signature. Also, There are some centers in &quot;los llanos&quot; controlled by the FARC where the same guy gets to vote 40 times. Also, we have to highlight that the transmission was interrupted more than hour in the voting centers that are considered opposition neighborhoods . Your analysis is biased because you have not lived in Venezuela and it takes many years to understand a country. I go to AU pero pareciera que &quot;no sabes como se bate el cobre hoy en dia en Vzla&quot; la trampa fue clara esta vez y asi es todo en Vzla una trampa, sobreprecios, sobornos, amenazas. Las elecciones solo fue la muestra de como se mueve el pais hoy en dia (by cheating).]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You are wrong. There are around 600,000 votes that are considered to be fraudulent. Some of those votes include people who are die and are not living anymore. In the electoral votes around 200,000 thousand voters do not have signature. Also, There are some centers in &#8220;los llanos&#8221; controlled by the FARC where the same guy gets to vote 40 times. Also, we have to highlight that the transmission was interrupted more than hour in the voting centers that are considered opposition neighborhoods . Your analysis is biased because you have not lived in Venezuela and it takes many years to understand a country. I go to AU pero pareciera que &#8220;no sabes como se bate el cobre hoy en dia en Vzla&#8221; la trampa fue clara esta vez y asi es todo en Vzla una trampa, sobreprecios, sobornos, amenazas. Las elecciones solo fue la muestra de como se mueve el pais hoy en dia (by cheating).</p>
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		<title>Comment on Immigration Reform Legislation: Better than Nothing, But Still Flawed by Pedro Alvarado</title>
		<link>http://aulablog.net/2013/05/13/immigration-reform-legislation-better-than-nothing-but-still-flawed/comment-page-1/#comment-1044</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Pedro Alvarado]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 14 May 2013 21:34:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aulablog.net/?p=639#comment-1044</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Humans have been migrating since the dawn of History(historical condition). Its wise for the author to speak of complex polarity of migrations permanent solutions/and yet ciclical pattersn regarding ECONOMIC and soicopolitical patterns. It is probably wise to acknoledge that these issues will overfloat the capacities of local gov&#039;ts, since it is a GLOBAL  phenomenom!!, so human and yet so confictive(race,religions,ethnicity,lingustic,etc.). The core issue is the economic demands of nations and private corporate transnational interests. As the domestic populatiosn of the tecno/industrially advance nations age and recede economic costs,consumer,investments can not be maintain unless the LABOR base expands accordingly. Hence the urgency to treat the issue humanly beyond a purely utilitarian capitalists cyclical  neccesities. It would requiere ORDER,security, and a strong dosis of social gurantees for workers nationally and within the context of entry/exit (migrating patterns). The masses of inmigrants can not be left to their devices.luck exposed to perverse violant global mafias!! and many other dangerous journeys.Likewise they can not be discarded,abuse,robed of their patrimony(salary,pensions,savings,etc.). Therefore the global institutions must step up to the challenge and begin a serious discussion of migrations to develop a legal,judicial,political,economic,moral framework. The world should no longer tolerate hundreds of Africans dying trying to cross into Europe,many E.europenas held as slave laborers, and ofcourse thousands of CENTRALamericans murdered/disappear crossing Mexico intheir way to the US. The costs,use, and financial management(predatory,corrupt) of foreign remittances by sending/receiving  countries is also a priority.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Humans have been migrating since the dawn of History(historical condition). Its wise for the author to speak of complex polarity of migrations permanent solutions/and yet ciclical pattersn regarding ECONOMIC and soicopolitical patterns. It is probably wise to acknoledge that these issues will overfloat the capacities of local gov&#8217;ts, since it is a GLOBAL  phenomenom!!, so human and yet so confictive(race,religions,ethnicity,lingustic,etc.). The core issue is the economic demands of nations and private corporate transnational interests. As the domestic populatiosn of the tecno/industrially advance nations age and recede economic costs,consumer,investments can not be maintain unless the LABOR base expands accordingly. Hence the urgency to treat the issue humanly beyond a purely utilitarian capitalists cyclical  neccesities. It would requiere ORDER,security, and a strong dosis of social gurantees for workers nationally and within the context of entry/exit (migrating patterns). The masses of inmigrants can not be left to their devices.luck exposed to perverse violant global mafias!! and many other dangerous journeys.Likewise they can not be discarded,abuse,robed of their patrimony(salary,pensions,savings,etc.). Therefore the global institutions must step up to the challenge and begin a serious discussion of migrations to develop a legal,judicial,political,economic,moral framework. The world should no longer tolerate hundreds of Africans dying trying to cross into Europe,many E.europenas held as slave laborers, and ofcourse thousands of CENTRALamericans murdered/disappear crossing Mexico intheir way to the US. The costs,use, and financial management(predatory,corrupt) of foreign remittances by sending/receiving  countries is also a priority.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Venezuela Update: Confusion in Caracas…and Washington by gomez-calcano</title>
		<link>http://aulablog.net/2013/05/06/venezuela-update-confusion-in-caracasand-washington/comment-page-1/#comment-1043</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[gomez-calcano]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 14 May 2013 12:46:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aulablog.net/?p=628#comment-1043</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[You&#039;re right that a simple recount, as the one being now done by the CNE, won&#039;t address the general unfairness of the campaign, but what the opposition is asking for is an audit, that is, a full review of all the instruments used for voting, including the voter rolls (&quot;cuadernos de votación&quot;). The opposition alleges that voting results were altered by allowing multiple votes by people with multiple IDs and by people using deceased people&#039;s IDs. They have documented cases of opposition witnesses being expelled at gunpoint in order to facilitate these practices. The opposition has also asked for the data on non-conformity between fingerprints and IDs, which would substantiate the charge of multiple voting, but the CNE has stubbornly stalled on its promise of showing that data for the October, December and April elections.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You&#8217;re right that a simple recount, as the one being now done by the CNE, won&#8217;t address the general unfairness of the campaign, but what the opposition is asking for is an audit, that is, a full review of all the instruments used for voting, including the voter rolls (&#8220;cuadernos de votación&#8221;). The opposition alleges that voting results were altered by allowing multiple votes by people with multiple IDs and by people using deceased people&#8217;s IDs. They have documented cases of opposition witnesses being expelled at gunpoint in order to facilitate these practices. The opposition has also asked for the data on non-conformity between fingerprints and IDs, which would substantiate the charge of multiple voting, but the CNE has stubbornly stalled on its promise of showing that data for the October, December and April elections.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Venezuela Update: Confusion in Caracas…and Washington by hawthorngreen</title>
		<link>http://aulablog.net/2013/05/06/venezuela-update-confusion-in-caracasand-washington/comment-page-1/#comment-1038</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[hawthorngreen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 14 May 2013 01:21:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aulablog.net/?p=628#comment-1038</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This discussion reflects a series of deep misunderstandings about the nature of election fraud and how to handle it.  In Venezuela elections are unfair.  There is no question about that.  Venezuela has a politicized state that is used to stack the deck against the opposition.  And since the election, the opposition has suffered much mistreatment at the hands of the government.  (It is also the case that the opposition has often misbehaved, but let&#039;s leave that aside for a minute).  There is a difference between an election that is unfair and one that is fraudulent.  Fraud means that the outcome has been misrepresented.  That the votes have not been counted honestly.  That someone fiddled with the numbers.  That the real winner lost.  That the loser usurped power.  That is fraud.  It used to happen in Mexico all the time.  Nowadays, it is very rare. 

Fraud does not mean voter suppression.  It does not mean the abuse of incumbency advantages.  It does not mean having an electoral list that is incomplete or has inaccuracies.  It does not mean the intimidation of opponents, or inducements to vote.  Those things are different from fraud in the specific sense that they cannot be demonstrated much less rectified by recounting the votes.  There are many things that are wrong with Venezuelan elections.  Fraud is not among them.  What the critics of the election seem to want is for the election to be annulled on the basis of unfairness.  That is fine.  Just don&#039;t suggest that a full recount is how you do that.  You do that by building a democratic movement to argue conscientiously for freer and fairer elections.

The Venezuelan election gave us a pretty fair snapshot of the state of Venezuela today.  It is deeply divided.  Both sides need to learn to compromise and to work within a common set of political rules.  A good starting point would be to use clear language.  Let&#039;s call a spade a spade.  And let&#039;s drop the loose talk of fraud.  It earns you zero credibility.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This discussion reflects a series of deep misunderstandings about the nature of election fraud and how to handle it.  In Venezuela elections are unfair.  There is no question about that.  Venezuela has a politicized state that is used to stack the deck against the opposition.  And since the election, the opposition has suffered much mistreatment at the hands of the government.  (It is also the case that the opposition has often misbehaved, but let&#8217;s leave that aside for a minute).  There is a difference between an election that is unfair and one that is fraudulent.  Fraud means that the outcome has been misrepresented.  That the votes have not been counted honestly.  That someone fiddled with the numbers.  That the real winner lost.  That the loser usurped power.  That is fraud.  It used to happen in Mexico all the time.  Nowadays, it is very rare. </p>
<p>Fraud does not mean voter suppression.  It does not mean the abuse of incumbency advantages.  It does not mean having an electoral list that is incomplete or has inaccuracies.  It does not mean the intimidation of opponents, or inducements to vote.  Those things are different from fraud in the specific sense that they cannot be demonstrated much less rectified by recounting the votes.  There are many things that are wrong with Venezuelan elections.  Fraud is not among them.  What the critics of the election seem to want is for the election to be annulled on the basis of unfairness.  That is fine.  Just don&#8217;t suggest that a full recount is how you do that.  You do that by building a democratic movement to argue conscientiously for freer and fairer elections.</p>
<p>The Venezuelan election gave us a pretty fair snapshot of the state of Venezuela today.  It is deeply divided.  Both sides need to learn to compromise and to work within a common set of political rules.  A good starting point would be to use clear language.  Let&#8217;s call a spade a spade.  And let&#8217;s drop the loose talk of fraud.  It earns you zero credibility.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Venezuela Update: Confusion in Caracas…and Washington by Max Cameron</title>
		<link>http://aulablog.net/2013/05/06/venezuela-update-confusion-in-caracasand-washington/comment-page-1/#comment-1037</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Max Cameron]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 14 May 2013 00:55:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aulablog.net/?p=628#comment-1037</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[And how would a total or partial recount address these issues?  It seems to me that a recount tells you how many votes each side got.  Not whether the campaign was fair, or the advantages of incumbency were exploited, or threats were used against opponents -- all of which adds up to the abuse of power but doesn&#039;t make a case for fraud or a miscount of the votes.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>And how would a total or partial recount address these issues?  It seems to me that a recount tells you how many votes each side got.  Not whether the campaign was fair, or the advantages of incumbency were exploited, or threats were used against opponents &#8212; all of which adds up to the abuse of power but doesn&#8217;t make a case for fraud or a miscount of the votes.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Venezuela Update: Confusion in Caracas…and Washington by Eric Hershberg</title>
		<link>http://aulablog.net/2013/05/06/venezuela-update-confusion-in-caracasand-washington/comment-page-1/#comment-1034</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Eric Hershberg]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 May 2013 15:40:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aulablog.net/?p=628#comment-1034</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[We welcome the opportunity to air differences of views: dispassionate debate is what the AULA blog aims to promote.  To associate us with “sandalismo” http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=8125355648059480100&amp;postID=6916472539700056876 reflects both a misreading of our political and intellectual trajectories, as well as a resort to the sort of name-calling that we think has clouded understandings of Latin America in the United States.  The roots and consequences of such gestures are a topic for a separate discussion.  Here I’ll simply focus on the original AULA post regarding the Venezuelan election and its aftermath.

It seems to me that where our perceptions differ from those of Mr. Coronel is not for the most part on the empirical details but rather on how to interpret them.  Our comment about Capriles having “upped the ante” by calling for annulment of the election strikes us as accurate, and the question is whether it was a wise tactic.  We think not, and we think that the comparison with Lopez Obrador’s political strategy in 2006 is valid regardless of how justified either party was in their respective accusations of fraud.  Concerning the position taken by Latin American governments, we think that it is misleading to suggest as Mr. Coronel does that support for Maduro’s inauguration was limited to countries that had benefited from “Chavez’s past prodigality,” or that the stance taken by Peru’s Foreign Minister implies “reconsider(ation) of (an) invertebrate attitude” or, more specifically, a sign that the region’s governments are tilting away from their preference for Maduro.  As for Washington’s investments in defeating Chavismo, we don’t know how else to characterize the expenditures made in Venezuela over more than a decade by the Congressionally-funded National Endowment for Democracy.  Whether the NED’s “democracy promotion” efforts are prudent in the 21st century is also a topic for a future discussion – we believe that they are not – but to deny that they constitute an attempt to defeat Chavismo simply makes no sense.

On some matters we agree with Mr. Coronel, e.g. in an earlier post we referred to the government’s abuse of the advantages of incumbency.  While we share the conclusion of analysts such as Max Cameron (http://blogs.ubc.ca/cameron/2013/02/26/delegative-vs-liberal-democracy-in-latin-america/), to the effect that the abuses do not cross the threshold where Venezuela should no longer be characterized as a (deeply flawed and imperiled) democracy, in part because of the capture of institutions such as the Supreme Tribunal of Justice, that threshold is admittedly murky and fair-minded observers will reach disparate conclusions.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We welcome the opportunity to air differences of views: dispassionate debate is what the AULA blog aims to promote.  To associate us with “sandalismo” <a href="http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=8125355648059480100&#038;postID=6916472539700056876" rel="nofollow">http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=8125355648059480100&#038;postID=6916472539700056876</a> reflects both a misreading of our political and intellectual trajectories, as well as a resort to the sort of name-calling that we think has clouded understandings of Latin America in the United States.  The roots and consequences of such gestures are a topic for a separate discussion.  Here I’ll simply focus on the original AULA post regarding the Venezuelan election and its aftermath.</p>
<p>It seems to me that where our perceptions differ from those of Mr. Coronel is not for the most part on the empirical details but rather on how to interpret them.  Our comment about Capriles having “upped the ante” by calling for annulment of the election strikes us as accurate, and the question is whether it was a wise tactic.  We think not, and we think that the comparison with Lopez Obrador’s political strategy in 2006 is valid regardless of how justified either party was in their respective accusations of fraud.  Concerning the position taken by Latin American governments, we think that it is misleading to suggest as Mr. Coronel does that support for Maduro’s inauguration was limited to countries that had benefited from “Chavez’s past prodigality,” or that the stance taken by Peru’s Foreign Minister implies “reconsider(ation) of (an) invertebrate attitude” or, more specifically, a sign that the region’s governments are tilting away from their preference for Maduro.  As for Washington’s investments in defeating Chavismo, we don’t know how else to characterize the expenditures made in Venezuela over more than a decade by the Congressionally-funded National Endowment for Democracy.  Whether the NED’s “democracy promotion” efforts are prudent in the 21st century is also a topic for a future discussion – we believe that they are not – but to deny that they constitute an attempt to defeat Chavismo simply makes no sense.</p>
<p>On some matters we agree with Mr. Coronel, e.g. in an earlier post we referred to the government’s abuse of the advantages of incumbency.  While we share the conclusion of analysts such as Max Cameron (<a href="http://blogs.ubc.ca/cameron/2013/02/26/delegative-vs-liberal-democracy-in-latin-america/" rel="nofollow">http://blogs.ubc.ca/cameron/2013/02/26/delegative-vs-liberal-democracy-in-latin-america/</a>), to the effect that the abuses do not cross the threshold where Venezuela should no longer be characterized as a (deeply flawed and imperiled) democracy, in part because of the capture of institutions such as the Supreme Tribunal of Justice, that threshold is admittedly murky and fair-minded observers will reach disparate conclusions.</p>
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